Daya Proteksi Minyak Biji Ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) dalam Basis Gel Hidroksipropil Metilselulosa sebagai Repelen Aedes aegypti
Protection of Coriander Seed Oil (Coriandrum sativum L.) in Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) Gel Based as Aedes aegypti Repellent
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22435/asp.v14i1.5287Keywords:
coriander seeds oil, HPMC, Aedes aegypti, repellentAbstract
Abstract. One of the efforts to prevent Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is to control its vector, namely the Aedes aegypti. Research on mosquito repellents using natural active ingredients has developed a lot, for example, coriander seed extract oil (Coriandrum sativum L.). However, its pure extract is volatile and less effective when used directly as a repellent. The study aimed to analyze the effect of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) gelling agent on the protective duration and power of coriander seed oil gel as a repellent against Aedes aegypti. The method used was a true experimental with posttest-only control group design. The treatment group was given coriander seed oil gel using HPMC concentrations of 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5% with six replications. The control group consisted of positive control, namely pure 60% coriander seed extract in 96% ethanol and negative control, namely the arm without any spread. Data analysis used the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis test with a confidence level of 95%. The result showed that 7,5% of HPMC had the least number of Aedes aegypti landed for at least 6 hours with an average perch of 3.2%. The temperature and humidity of the research room were homogeneous. The addition of HPMC has increased protection and duration against the Aedes aegypti. The 7,5% HPMC result was complies to the Pesticide Commission’s standards (1995) with an average protective power of 97% for 6 hours. In conclusion, gelling agents such as HPMC can be an alternative to increase the protective power of for 6 hours.
Abstrak. Satu upaya pencegahan penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue adalah dengan mencegah kontak manusia dan vektornya, yaitu Aedes aegypti. Penelitian repelen nyamuk menggunakan bahan aktif dari alam telah banyak dilakukan, contohnya minyak ekstrak biji ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.). Akan tetapi, ekstrak murni biji ketumbar mudah menguap dan kurang efektif apabila digunakan secara langsung sebagai repelan Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi konsentrasi gelling agent hidroksipropil metilselulosa (HPMS) terhadap lama waktu perlindungan dan daya proteksi gel minyak biji ketumbar sebagai repelen terhadap Aedes aegypti. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen murni dengan desain posttest-only control group design. Kelompok perlakuan diberi gel minyak biji ketumbar menggunakan konsentrasi HPMS 7,5%; 10%; dan 12,5% dengan 6 kali replikasi. Kelompok kontrol terdiri dari kontrol positif yaitu ekstrak biji ketumbar murni konsentrasi 60% dalam etanol 96% dan kontrol negatif yaitu lengan tanpa olesan apapun. Analisa data menggunakan uji Mann–Whitney dan Kruskal-Wallis dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa HPMS 7,5% memiliki jumlah nyamuk hinggap paling sedikit selama 6 jam pengamatan dengan rerata hinggap 3,2%. Suhu dan kelembaban ruang penelitian homogen. Penambahan HPMS terbukti memberikan peningkatan daya proteksi dan lama perlindungan yang sebelumnya belum maksimal terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Konsentrasi HPMS 7,5% sesuai standart Komisi Pestisida (1995) dengan rerata daya proteksinya adalah 97% selama 6 jam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah gelling agent seperti HPMS dapat menjadi alternatif untuk meningkatkan daya proteksi selama 6 jam perlindungan.
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