Analisis Indikator Entomologi dan Sebaran Jentik Aedes aegypti pada Daerah Stratifikasi Endemisitas Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Jayapura

Analysis of Entomology Indicator and distribution of Aedes aegypti vector based on stratified Endemicity Areas of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Jayapura City

Abstract

Abstract. The incidence rate (IR) of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Papua Province in 2017 was
8.04 per 100,000 population, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 1.12%. In 2016, the Health Office of
Jayapura City declared six urban villages as high endemic areas, four urban villages as high sporadic
areas, and ten villages as DHF-free areas from a total of 39 urban villages in Jayapura. This study
aims to analyze larval by House index [HI], Container index [CI], Breateu index (BI), and Maya index
[MI] as well as the distribution of vector Ae. aegypti in endemic, sporadic and DHF-free areas in
Jayapura City. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study. This research was conducted from
January to March 2019. Subjects (375 houses) were surveyed according to WHO guidelines based
on its endemicity stratification. Observations of mosquitos’ larvae were done using visual and single
larvae methods. The result of this research showed that endemic areas had their HI, CI and BI as much
as 43.3%, 16.5%, and 90.0%, respectively, with density figure is six. Sporadic areas had their HI,
CI and BI as much as 35.4%, 10.9%, and 57.5%, respectively, with density figure is five. DHF-free
areas had their HI, CI, and BI as much as 14.8%, 5.7%, and 35.2%, respectively, with density figure
is five. The Maya index for endemic and sporadic areas was categorized as moderate, while DHF-free
areas were low.

Abstrak. Angka incidence rate (IR) Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Provinsi Papua tahun
2017 adalah 8,04 per 100.000 penduduk, dengan case fatality rate (CFR) sebesar 1,12%.
Pada tahun 2016 Dinas Kesehatan Kota Jayapura menetapkan 6 kelurahan sebagai daerah
endemis tinggi, 4 kelurahan sebagai daerah sporadis tinggi dan 10 kampung sebagai daerah
bebas DBD dari total 39 kelurahan yang ada di Kota Jayapura. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk
menganalisis kepadatan jentik menggunakan House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breateu
Index (BI), dan Maya Index (MI) serta menganalisis sebaran jentik Ae.aegypti di daerah
endemis, sporadis dan bebas DBD di Kota Jayapura. Penelitian dilakukan dari Januari-Maret
2019 dengan menggunakan metode potong lintang. Subyek penelitian 375 rumah disurvei
menurut pedoman WHO menurut stratifikasi endemisitasnya. Observasi jentik nyamuk
dengan metode visual dan single larvae. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indeks
entomologi daerah endemis dengan nilai HI 43,3%, CI 16,5%, BI 90,0% dengan Density Figure
(DF) 6 (tinggi). Sporadis: HI 35,4%, CI 10,9%, BI 57,5%, dengan density figure 5. Bebas DBD HI
14,8%, CI 5,7% dan BI 35,2% dengan DF 5 (sedang). Status MI kategori sedang pada daerah
endemis dan sporadis dan MI rendah pada daerah bebas DBD.