ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-Borne Diseases Studies

Efektifitas Kelambu Berinsektisida Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINS) terhadap Anopheles maculatus

Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Malaria is a vector-borne disease problem in several parts of Indonesia, including the Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province. One way to break the chain of malaria transmission is by using insecticide-treated mosquito nets. The effectiveness of using insecticide-treated mosquito nets in the community needs to be studied. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against Anopheles maculatus based on the duration of use by the community. A fully randomized design study was used to compare the effectiveness of mosquito nets used for six months, six months to two years, and more than two years from 3 different sub-districts. The method used was the WHO bioassay cone test with an untreated polyester mosquito net as a control. Female Anopheles maculatus was tested in a cone bioassay and transferred to paper cups to observe for knockdown or death after 10, 30, and 60 minutes to 24 hours. The results showed that the mosquito nets used for <1 year resulted in 92% knockdown and 80% death. Meanwhile, the use of mosquito nets for 1-2 and >2 years resulted in 92.6% and 75.2% knockdown mosquitoes and 78% and 67.8% dead mosquitos. We concluded that insecticide-treated mosquito nets used for less than one year were still effective for use in controlling malaria.
Routine monitoring and evaluation should be carried out to assess the effectiveness of the mosquito nets used.

Inovasi program pengendalian malaria menuju eliminasi malaria di Kabupaten Fakfak, Papua Barat

Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Malaria control in Indonesia has been facing various challenges and obstacles, especially in Eastern Indonesia. Several strategies have been carried out to achieve national elimination by 2030. This study aims to explore innovative strategies for controlling malaria in Fakfak Regency, West Papua Province which is one of the malaria endemic areas in eastern Indonesia. This type of research is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews with malaria program managers (n=6). The interview process was recorded through the zoom-meeting application and then transcription of the interview results was used to conduct content analysis. The results showed that the Bela Kaca Innovation (Bebas Malaria Kampung Bercahaya), which was initiated by the Fakfak Regency Health Office, has
succeeded significantly in reducing malaria cases in the last 5 years. This program fights malaria from village to village by involving all parties in the Malaria Center. The innovation of Bela Kaca is carried out by attacking and defending strategies. The attacks are carried out intensively in villages that had 5 or more malaria cases within two months by mass screening, indoor residual spraying (IRS), surveys of insecticide-treated mosquito nets and vector control until cases become zero. The survival strategy is carried out if there are no malaria cases, then surveillance is carried out strictly, if cases are found, then the 1-2-5 method is used. In conclusion, Bela Kaca control innovation can be one of the efforts to accelerate malaria elimination that is supported by the community and stakeholders

Efektivitas Metode Ekstraksi Puntung Rokok Sebagai Bioinsektisida Terhadap Mortalitas Kecoa Amerika (Periplaneta americana)

Dzakwan Hamzah Dhobit Yusup, Muhammad Al-Irsyad, Vivi Novianti — Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is one of the vectors of disease because there are bacteria and parasites in its body. One way to control them is by using synthetic insecticides. However, synthetic insecticides have active ingredients that are harmful to humans. Bioinsecticides can be used as an alternative, one of which is from cigarette butt waste which has active substances. Cigarette butts are a relatively large waste in Indonesia with 200,000 butts per year. This study aims to find the effectiveness of cigarette butts extract by maceration and drying methods and compare the two methods. This research is experimental using a non-factorial completely randomized design. The research was conducted with 2 methods, maceration and drying with dose of 100, 150, and 200 g/L
with positive (synthetic insecticide) and negative controls. The treatment was repeated 4 times with a total of 32 experimental units. Each container measuring 26 x 26 x 10 cm3 contained 10 cockroaches totaling 320. Data were analyzed using One Way Anova and Kruskal Wallis with Games Howell and Mann Whitney U tests with a significant level of 5%. The highest average results from each method, maceration and drying, have the same results at a dose of 200 g/L with a mortality percentage of 70% and 55%, respectively. In the comparison of the two methods, the maceration method with a dose of 200 g/L is the most effective dose. These results indicate that cigarette butt waste can be used as an alternative bioinsecticide in controlling American cockroaches (Periplaneta Americana)

Pemetaan Daerah Reseptif Vektor Malaria di Kabupaten Kulon Progo

Tasya Elia, Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti, Ali Sukamto — Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Malaria is a re-emerging disease. According to the Ministry of Health, malaria cases in Indonesia are second only after India in Southeast Asia. The Special Region of Yogyakarta is one of the cities with the most malaria endemic, precisely in Kulon Progo Regency. Malaria cases in Kulon Progo Regency are experiencing fluency. Kulon Progo Regency itself received a malaria elimination certificate in 2022. Maintenance of malaria elimination can be done by knowing the mapping of malaria vector receptive areas. This study aims to determine the type of Anopheles mosquito larval habitat, determine the coordinates of Anopheles mosquito larval habitat, determine the Anopheles mosquito larval habitat index, and determine the mapping of malaria vector receptive areas in Kulon Progo Regency. The quantitative descriptive research method used spatial analysis with malaria vector receptive areas mapping in Kulon Progo Regency. Inclusion criteria were villages surveyed for malaria mosquito larvae in the mosquito vector survey activities carried out by the Kulon Progo Regency Health Office and Puskesmas in Kulon Progo Regency in 2023. The habitats found in Kulon Progo Regency are rivers, neighborhoods around houses, irrigation, ponds, rice fields, and lagoons, with the most positive habitats in rivers at 35%. Coordinate points are drawn according to the type of habitat found. The highest Anopheles mosquito larval habitat index in Kulon Progo Regency is Kalirejo Village, with a habitat index of 74%, and there are 19 malaria vector receptive villages based on the Anopheles mosquito larval habitat index. The mapping of receptive areas can be used as a reference for
malaria prevention and control efforts in the Kulon Progo Regency.

Identifikasi Karakter Morfologi Caplak Rhipicephalus sanguineus (sensu lato) di Kota Bitung, Sulawesi Utara

Jane Tahulending — Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Riphicephalus sanguineus is a species of tick from the family Ixodidae (hard tick), consisting of two families, namely Ixodidae and Argasidae. Rhipicephalus is an ectoparasite of the class Acari, and acts as a vector of viruses, bacterial infections, and parasitic diseases. The R. sanguineus tick is an important vector that plays a role in health problems that arise in humans and animals. Research on Riphicephalus in Indonesia is still rare, especially related to its morphology and genetics. This study aims to identify the morphological character of the R. sanguineus tick. Total of 150 tick specimens were collected from three locations in Bitung City over three months, collected by hand collecting method on local dogs and identified to the species level based on their morphological characteristics. The specimen belongs to a single species of the genus Rhipicephalus. This study provides detailed description of the results of measurements body areas such as gnatosome, idiosoma, capitation base, stactum, and spiracle obtained to provide details related to morphological variation. There were variations in the measurement of the body area of the R. sanguineus tick at the three research locations.

Potensi Nyamuk Sebagai Vektor Di Daerah Endemik Filariasis Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat

Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Mosquitoe vectors of filariasis must have a long life so that the parasite can complete its life cycle in the mosquito’s body. Mosquitoes with high parity are generally more at risk of transmitting pathogens, as they have made more bites on hosts that have the potential to carry the infection. This study aims to detect the potential of mosquito vectors by calculating the parity number and examining the causative agent in the mosquito’s body. Mosquito parity examination was based on the results of mosquito ovary dissecting during a capture period. Detection of the causative agent was carried out by dissecting tecnique and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that the parity rate of mosquitoes caught in Tamansari Village and Cimanggis Village was very high (>80%). Detection
of the causative agent using surgical and PCR methods did not find any L3 larvae and microfilariae in the examined mosquitoes.

Pengetahuan Sikap dan Praktek Masyarakat dalam Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate

Sumiati Tomia, Sakriani — Mon, 25 Nov 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an acute febrile disease that can cause death and is transmitted by Aedes spp mosquitoes. Understanding the level of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the community is an important aspect that needs to be known to design effective disease control programs. This study aims to evaluate community knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding controlling dengue fever in the Kalumata community health center working area. A cross-sectional study was conducted in April – August 2024 in dengue endemic urban-village, namely Kalumata, Tanah Tinggi and Bastiong Talangame, Ternate City, North Maluku Province. Data was obtained through an interview method using a structured questionnaire on 100 respondents in each urbanvillage. Description of the characteristics of respondents consisting of women (74.5%), men (25.5%) with the age group 20-40 years (35.3%), 41-60 years (57.7%), >60 years (7.0%). Respondents with education levels were elementary school (14.3%), middle school (28.0%), high school (53.7%), and college (4%). The results of the analysis show that there is no relationship between knowledge and community practice in controlling dengue fever. This can be seen in the results of statistical tests with a p value = 0.187 (p value > 0.05). In contrast to attitudes, there is a significant relationship between attitudes and community practices in controlling dengue fever with a p value = 0.012 (p value < 0.05). The factor that has the most influence on dengue prevention behavior is attitude. People with a good attitude have the potential to be 2 times better in terms of dengue control practices than those who had a poor attitude.